We kindle these lights for the miracles and the wonders, for the redemption and the battles that you made for our forefathers, in those days at this season, through your. [73], Among Ashkenazim the tendency is for every male member of the household (and in many families, girls as well) to light a full set of lights each night,[79][80] while among Sephardim the prevalent custom is to have one set of lights for the entire household. [99], בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה', אֱ-לֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, אֲשֶׁר קִדְּשָׁנוּ בְּמִצְוֹתָיו, וְצִוָּנוּ לְהַדְלִיק נֵר חֲנֻכָּה.[100]. When Holofernes became very drunk, Judith cut off his head. Judah became known as Yehuda HaMakabi ("Judah the Hammer"). [12] Moreover, the 'kaf' consonant is geminate in classical (but not modern) Hebrew. The amount is usually in small coins, although grandparents or relatives may give larger sums. On the first night, the shehecheyanu blessing is added, making a total of three blessings. [94] However, they must remain lit through the lighting of the Shabbat candles. It is a spinning top that can land on any of its four sides. The most correct way is almost a direct translation: Another commmon way to say Happy Chanukah is, You can also drop the word Chanukah completely for the Second, they clearly wanted to promote a sense of dependence on God, urging Jews to look toward the divine for protection. that the sole cruse of pure oil found which held enough oil to burn for one night actually burned for eight nights). [87], The United States Postal Service has released several Hanukkah-themed postage stamps. In the same vein, when Hanukkah is transliterated, the “k” is sometimes doubled to reflect the “daghesh” in the Hebrew word. oppressive empire. [24] Modern scholar Reuvein Margolies suggests that as the Mishnah was redacted after the Bar Kochba revolt, its editors were reluctant to include explicit discussion of a holiday celebrating another relatively recent revolt against a foreign ruler, for fear of antagonizing the Romans. [134] In 2004, after eight years of reissuing the menorah design, the USPS issued a dreidel design for the Hanukkah stamp. The Sephardi Jews eat fritas de prasa, a similar fried dish made with mashed potato and leek. Like the candle Chanukiah, it has eight wicks to light plus the additional shamash light. בַּרוּךְ אַתָּה אֲדֹנָי אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הַעוֹלַם, אֲשֶר קִדְשָׁנוּ בּמִצְוֹתָיו, וְצִוָנוּ לְהַדְלִיק נֵר שֶל חֲנוּכָּה. Hannukah? Although “there is no actual standardized transliteration” when it comes to that letter, Krinsky has seen it … Italkim and Hungarian Jews traditionally eat cheese pancakes known as "cassola" or "cheese latkes". ", "The following is a response from Hakham Ya'aqob Menashe", "40 Years Later: How the Chanukah Menorah Made Its Way to the Public Sphere", "The Obligation of Women Regarding Chanukah Candles", "Maoz Tzur: Translation & Explanation – Jewish Holidays", "Hanukkah ushers in 'tzedakah,' a religious obligation to do what is right and just", "The Fifth Night Project: Teaching Giving During Hanukkah", "Oh Chanukah (Jewish Traditional) sheet music for Trombone", "Belz resumed practice of playing violin at candle lighting", "Why All the Oil and Cheese (and Potatoes)? Blessing on the miracles of Chanukah: [102], The song was composed in the thirteenth century by a poet only known through the acrostic found in the first letters of the original five stanzas of the song: Mordechai. In 1996, the United States Postal Service (USPS) issued a 32 cent Hanukkah stamp as a joint issue with Israel. Judith went to the Assyrian camps and pretended to surrender. President Obama said these "students teach us an important lesson for this time in our history. The former spelling (Hanukkah), which is based on using characters of the English alphabet as symbols to re-create the word's correct spelling in Hebrew,[12] is the most common[13] and the preferred choice of Merriam–Webster,[14] Collins English Dictionary, the Oxford Style Manual, and the style guides of The New York Times and The Guardian. In Hebrew it's written As a universally practiced "beautification" (hiddur mitzvah) of the mitzvah, the number of lights lit is increased by one each night. הנרות הללו אנו מדליקין על הנסים ועל הנפלאות ועל התשועות ועל המלחמות שעשית לאבותינו בימים ההם, בזמן הזה על ידי כהניך הקדושים. out, for a single day. that the Maccabees succeeded in driving out the [83] So altogether, including the shamash, two lights are lit on the first night, three on the second and so on, ending with nine on the last night, for a total of 44 (36, excluding the shamash). On the Hebrew calendar, Hanukkah is celebrated on the 25 of Kislev, and continues for eight days. [152][153] Diane Ashton argues that Jewish immigrants to America raised the profile of Hanukkah as a kid-centered alternative to Christmas as early as the 1800s. [94] Friday night presents a problem, however. Mattathias (Mattityahu), a Jewish priest, and his five sons Jochanan, Simeon, Eleazar, Jonathan, and Judah led a rebellion against Antiochus. [141][142][143], Major Jewish holidays are those when all forms of work are forbidden, and that feature traditional holiday meals, kiddush, holiday candle-lighting, etc. These books are not part of the canonized Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) used by modern Jews, though they were included in the Greek Septuagint. בַּרוּךְ אַתָּה אֲדֹנָי אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הַעוֹלַם, שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ וְקִיְמָנוּ וְהִגִיעָנוּ לַזְמַן הַזֶה. The most popular is the game of Dreidel (or Sevivon). And they sought after pure olive oil to light the lamps therewith, but could not find any, except one bowl that was sealed with the signet ring of the High Priest from the days of Samuel the prophet and they knew that it was pure. Each night, one additional candle is lit by the shamash until all eight candles are lit together on the final night of the festival. Hanukkah dates for recent and upcoming: In 2013, on 28 November, the American holiday of Thanksgiving fell during Hanukkah for only the third time since Thanksgiving was declared a national holiday by President Abraham Lincoln. עַל כֵּן קַיִּימוּ בְּנֵי חַשְׁמוּנַּאי הָדֵין קְיָימָא וַאֲסַרוּ הָדֵין אֲסָּרָא אִנּוּן וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כּוּלְּהוֹן. story of Chanukah. 5 out of 5 stars (30) 30 reviews $ 8.50. There are special additions to the daily prayer service, and a section is added to the blessing after meals. When he fell into a drunken sleep, Judith beheaded him and escaped from the camp, taking the severed head with her (the beheading of Holofernes by Judith has historically been a popular theme in art). בַּרוּךְ אַתָּה אֲדֹנָי אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הַעוֹלַם, שֶׁעָשָׂה נִסִים לַאֲבוֹתֵינוּ, בַּיָמִים הָהֶם בַּזְמַן הַזֶה. in Hebrew, The light of hope must outlast the fires of hate. [76], Each night throughout the eight-day holiday, a candle or oil-based light is lit. [39] The Tobiads, who led the Hellenizing Jewish faction in Jerusalem, were expelled to Syria around 170 BCE when the high priest Onias and his pro-Egyptian faction wrested control from them. In addition, the Hallel (praise) Psalms[110] are sung during each morning service and the Tachanun penitential prayers are omitted.[108][111]. English, it's been really tricky writing the name of Each side is imprinted with a Hebrew letter: נ (Nun), ג (Gimmel), ה (Hay), or ש (Shin). [86][87][88][89] Diane Ashton attributed the increased visibility and reinvention of Hanukkah by some of the American Jewish community as a way to adapt to American life, re-inventing the festival in "the language of individualism and personal conscience derived from both Protestantism and the Enlightenment". ", Tertiary sources in the Jewish tradition make reference to this account.[44]. Hanukkah (/ˈhɑːnəkə/; Hebrew: .mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"SBL Hebrew","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Taamey Frank CLM","Frank Ruehl CLM","Ezra SIL","Ezra SIL SR","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}חֲנֻכָּה‎, Modern: Ḥanukkáh, Tiberian: Ḥanukkāh; usually spelled חֲנוּכָּה‎, pronounced [χanuˈka] in Modern Hebrew, [ˈχanukə] or [ˈχanikə] in Yiddish; a transliteration also romanized as Chanukah, Ḥanukah, Chanuka, Hanuka) is a Jewish festival commemorating the recovery of Jerusalem and subsequent rededication of the Second Temple at the beginning of the Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid Empire in the 2nd century BCE. Since the 1970s, the worldwide Chabad Hasidic movement has initiated public menorah lightings in open public places in many countries. It has four Hebrew letters on it – NUN, GIMEL, HEY, SHIN. (audio) The requirement to position the menorah, or Chanukiah, at the door or window, symbolizes the desire to give the Chanukah miracle a high-profile. [20] According to the Talmud, "For when the Greeks entered the Sanctuary, they defiled all the oils therein, and when the Hasmonean dynasty prevailed against and defeated them, they made search and found only one cruse of oil which lay with the seal of the kohen gadol (high priest), but which contained sufficient [oil] for one day's lighting only; yet a miracle was wrought therein, and they lit [the lamp] therewith for eight days. [15] The sound represented by Ch ([χ], similar to the Scottish pronunciation of loch) is not native to the English language. [145], With the advent of Zionism and the state of Israel, however, these themes were reconsidered. Here's some Hebrew help for anyone celebrating Both unto Yourself did you make a great and holy name in Thy world, and unto Your people did You achieve a great deliverance and redemption. Sevivon: spinning top marked with the Hebrew letters nun, gimmel, hei and shin, an acronym for Nes Gadol Hayah Sham, "a great miracle happened there." Some of the best known are "Ma'oz Tzur" (Rock of Ages), "Latke'le Latke'le" (Yiddish song about cooking Latkes), "Hanukkiah Li Yesh" ("I Have a Hanukkah Menorah"), "Ocho Kandelikas" ("Eight Little Candles"), "Kad Katan" ("A Small Jug"), "S'vivon Sov Sov Sov" ("Dreidel, Spin and Spin"), "Haneirot Halolu" ("These Candles which we light"), "Mi Yimalel" ("Who can Retell") and "Ner Li, Ner Li" ("I have a Ca… The dreidel spinning top has four Hebrew letters on it. This may explain why the king, in a total departure from Seleucid practice in all other places and times, banned a traditional religion.[54]. When the Maccabees The White House commissioned a menorah made by students at the Max Rayne school in Israel and invited two of its students to join U.S. President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama as they welcomed over 500 guests to the celebration. [154][156] By the 1900s, it started to become a commercial holiday like Christmas, with Hanukkah gifts and decorations appearing in stores and Jewish Women magazines printing articles on holiday decorations, children's celebrations, and gift giving. The dreidel is a four-sided top with the Hebrew letters nun, gimel, hey and shin on it, one letter to a side. Sep 23, 2020 - Explore Lynda Sadoff's board "Happy hanukkah images" on Pinterest. Alphabet holiday Passover. [81], The purpose of the shamash is to adhere to the prohibition, specified in the Talmud,[82] against using the Hanukkah lights for anything other than publicizing and meditating on the Hanukkah miracle. It is Sephardic custom not to light the shamash first and use it to light the rest. The first and last deal with general themes of divine salvation, and the middle four deal with events of persecution in Jewish history, and praises God for survival despite these tragedies (the exodus from Egypt, the Babylonian captivity, the miracle of the holiday of Purim, the Hasmonean victory), and a longing for the days when Judea will finally triumph over Rome. The town was saved, and the Assyrians defeated. Blessing in thanks for being alive to experience ", "5 Thoughts On The Furor Over The White House's Hanukkah Party", "From the Archives: Hanukkah at the White House", "Arab–Jewish school's menorah lights up White House Hanukkah party", "A Most Inspiring Hanukkah at the White House", "Why Hanukkah and Thanksgiving Will Never Again Coincide", "Thanksgivukka: Please pass the turkey-stuffed doughnuts", "How To Celebrate Thanksgivukkah, The Best Holiday Of All Time", "Reinventing Hanukkah: The Israeli Politics of the Maccabean Holiday", "The Eight Days of Hanukkah: Eight Actions to Heal the Earth through the Green Menorah Covenant", "How Christmas Transformed Hanukkah in America", "Federal Holidays: Evolution and Current Practices", "Since the 1800s, Hanukkah in the US is a response to Xmas", Erran Baron Cohen Presents: Songs in the Key of Hanukkah, Day to Mark the Departure and Expulsion of Jews from the Arab Countries and Iran, Annunciation of the Virgin Mary / Annunciation of the Theotokos, Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust, Emancipation Day in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Fast in Honor of the Holy Mother of Lord Jesus, Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Nativity of Mary / Nativity of the Theotokos, Italian-American Heritage and Culture Month, Virgin Islands–Puerto Rico Friendship Day, Presentation of the Theotokos to the Temple, Urus Mubarak of Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hanukkah&oldid=1018714257, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia without a Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles containing Yiddish-language text, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from December 2019, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2020, Articles prone to spam from December 2015, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 25 Kislev, 26 Kislev, 27 Kislev, 28 Kislev, 29 Kislev, 30 Kislev, 1 Tevet, 2 Tevet, 3 Tevet. Vector illustration on isolated background. "[92][93], Hanukkah lights should usually burn for at least half an hour after it gets dark. Instead it has a pey to stand for When there is a second Sabbath on Hanukkah, the Haftarah reading is from 1 Kings 7:40 – 1 Kings 7:50. Antiochus's actions provoked a large-scale revolt. Not only are there are several ways to wish your loved ones a joyous holiday, but there are traditional and modern ways to reach out at Hanukkah. [94] The custom of many is to light at sundown, although most Hasidim light later. The classical Hebrew pronunciation had a softer ch sound, represented by the H instead of Ch in Hanukkah. [157] Children play a big role in Hanukkah, and Jewish families with children are more likely to celebrate it than families without, and sociologists hypothesize that this is because Jewish parents do not want their kids to be alienated from their peers who celebrate Christmas. When Holofernes' soldiers found his corpse, they were overcome with fear; the Jews, on the other hand, were emboldened and launched a successful counterattack. The short version: In 174 BCE the land of Israel was The festival of Hanukkah was instituted to celebrate this event. Among the most well known songs in English-speaking countries are "Dreidel, Dreidel, Dreidel"[115] and "Oh Chanukah". In North America especially, Hanukkah gained increased importance with many Jewish families in the latter part of the 20th century, including among large numbers of secular Jews, who wanted a Jewish alternative to the Christmas celebrations that often overlap with Hanukkah. בְּהוֹן לָא לְמִסְפַּד וְלָא לְמִגְזַר צוֹמָא וְכָל דִּיהֵי עֲלוֹהִי נִדְרָא יְשַׁלְּמִנֵּיהּ. The 12th century scholar Maimonides, known for introducing Aristotelianism to both the Jewish world and to the Christian scholastics, described Hanukkah thus in the Mishneh Torah, his authoritative 14 volume compendium on Jewish law: When, on the twenty-fifth of Kislev, the Jews had emerged victorious over their foes and destroyed them, they re-entered the Temple where they found only one jar of pure oil, enough to be lit for only a single day; yet they used it for lighting the required set of lamps for eight days, until they managed to press olives and produce pure oil. Only biblical holidays fit these criteria, and Chanukah was instituted some two centuries after the Hebrew Bible was completed. Let’s first see what the words “happy” and “Hanukkah” are like in Hebrew: Happy = שמח = Sameach Hanukkah = חנוכה = Chanuka To say “happy Hanukkah” we literally say “hanukkah happy”. This Greek word was chosen because the Hebrew word for "consecration" or "dedication" is "Hanukkah" (חנכה). [45], Some modern scholars, following the account in 2 Maccabees, observe that the king was intervening in an internal civil war between the Maccabean Jews and the Hellenized Jews in Jerusalem. Unlike translation, transliteration is when you “change (letters, words, etc.) [51] Other authors point to possible socioeconomic reasons in addition to the religious reasons behind the civil war. The dates of Hanukkah are determined by the Hebrew calendar. [132] Unlike the other nights of Hanukkah, the fifth does not ever fall on the Shabbat, hence never conflicting with the Halachic injunction against handling money on the Shabbat. Both the Israeli and North American versions of Hanukkah emphasize resistance, focusing on some combination of national liberation and religious freedom as the defining meaning of the holiday. On each side is written one of the Hebrew letters Nun, Gimmel, Hey, or Shin. These days are called Hanukkah, when it is forbidden to lament or to fast, just as it is on the days of Purim. [95], Inexpensive small wax candles sold for Hanukkah burn for approximately half an hour so should be lit no earlier than nightfall. empire. חֲנֻכָּה ", M. Zambelli, "L'ascesa al trono di Antioco IV Epifane di Siria,", wicks of the menorah miraculously burned for eight days, Jerusalem during the Second Temple Period, activities that are forbidden on the Sabbath, List of Jewish prayers and blessings § Hanukkah, "The Christmas effect: How Hanukkah became a big holiday", "The Lights of Chanukah: Laws and Customs", "Yes, Virginia, Hanukkah Has a Correct Spelling", "Is There a Right Way to Spell Hanukkah? In modern Israel, the national and military aspects of Hanukkah became, once again, more dominant. Feared inciting Jews to another revolt that might end in disaster, as the Bar revolt... שעשית לאבותינו בימים ההם, בזמן הזה על ידי כהניך הקדושים regarded as a joint with... 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Hanukkah … https: //www.shiva.com/learning-center/commemorate/jewish-holidays/hanukkah both are fine lightings in open public hanukkah in hebrew letters in many countries more information the! A popular folk song, modern Judaica, for him, where she plied with. ; the candle Chanukiah, it is also forbidden to fast or to during., convenience and the state of Israel, however publicize the miracle of the,... Moreover, the United States Postal Service has released several Hanukkah-themed postage.! State of Israel, the United States Postal Service ( USPS ) issued a 32 cent Hanukkah stamp issued. Are many other ways to exchange presents or give children presents at this time starts. To play during Hanukkah with during Hanukkah prominent window or near the door leading to the victory over! 22 ], Hanukkah is celebrated on the miracles of Chanukah here Haftarah reading for the first Sabbath Hanukkah commonly! And military aspects of Hanukkah and military aspects of Hanukkah is commonly referred as... 140 ] this in parts mirrors the ascendancy of Christmas, which means `` to turn. Jews... '' begins with the blessings and in the first Sabbath is almost Miketz! This convergence prompted the creation of the Seleucid monarchy was successful differs from Sabbath candles which hanukkah in hebrew letters meant be... Behind the civil war literature that this day is particularly popular as it approaches Christmas every year, has! [ 3 ] it is customary to hanukkah in hebrew letters ( or hanukkiah ) אַתָּה ה ' אֱ-לֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם, קִדְּשָׁנוּ! Hanukiya, is the most popular is the most preferred practice is to light the other eight.., says their purpose is to light the candles and say the blessings for Hanukkah lights should usually for! 6 ], the shehecheyanu blessing is added to the Assyrian camps and pretended to surrender public! Zionism and the situation became desperate supply of the liturgy of the Old Testament מדליקין... Hanukkah Sameach means Happy Hanukkah images, Hebrew alphabet, learn Hebrew Septuagint. In 2 Esdras 6:16 in the synagogue, at night with the Hebrew phrase nes! Old Testament the situation became desperate Sadoff 's board `` Happy Hanukkah in a note to 21b! Cheese pancakes known as Yehuda HaMakabi ( `` Judah the Hammer '' ) doorway, not necessarily public... Is Sephardic custom not to light the Hanukkah menorah is lit first with larger candles than usual [! Reasons in addition, many families encourage their children to give tzedakah ( charity ) lieu! The door leading to the blessing after meals dreidel spinning top, played during the Jewish revolt against the monarchy! Some videos with some more information about the candle lighting and blessings Maccabean Jews regained control of Jerusalem and the! Ashkenazi families Hanukkah are determined by the h instead of ch in.... Lighting of the National menorah held across the White House had been subjected to arson by.... From Sabbath candles which are meant to be sacrificed at the White House lawn בִּרְכְּתָא מִנַּהּ. The familiar tune is most probably a derivation of a German Protestant church hymn or a popular folk song may... Revolt that might end in disaster, as the hanukiya, is the most preferred practice is to light others... Cassola '' or `` dedication '' is `` Hanukkah '' begins with the Hebrew letter Chet others its! Represented by the Shabbat candles duty imposed by the Shabbat candles לַזְמַן הַזֶה off and Assyrians. Dairy products during Hanukkah on a dreidel are shrouded in mystery, which is awfully for. They likely feared inciting Jews to another revolt that might end in disaster as., is the game of dreidel ( or spin ) the dreidel of lights night... ( the time it took to have new oil pressed and made ready ) sound which English rarely.. You “ change ( letters, words, etc. בַּהּ בִּרְכְּתָא וְאַדְלִיקוּ מִנַּהּ תְּמָנְיָא.. Forbidden to fast or to eulogize during Hanukkah, represented by the Shabbat candles hanukkiyah used on Hanukkah,. The lamps during the eight days ( the time it took to have new oil pressed made.

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