OLDCASTLE, Sir JOHN, styled Lord Cobham (d. 1417), came of a family of consideration, who were lords of the manor of Almeley near Weobley, in Western Herefordshire, and whose estates touched the Wye at Letton (Cal. There is even a hint that Falstaff was originally Oldcastle in The Merry Wives of Windsor too. His amicable relationship with the prince of Wales, now Henry V, earned him special consideration, but he failed to honour the king’s appeals to submit and was brought to trial the same year. John de Oldcastel "Son of Peter, and father of Sir Richard Oldcastle, and grandfather of the Lollard", Sir John Oldcastle of Almeley, son of Richard and Isabel. Managed by: Cecilie Nygård: Last Updated: Oldcastle, on whom Shakespeare based his character Falstaff, was hanged as a traitor in 1417. Sir John was born in around 1378 in Herefordshire, to Sir Richard Oldcastle, and due to the wealth of his parents gained an excellent education. Even more so, Frances Brooke, the 10th Baron's wife and 11th Baron's mother, was a close personal favorite of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth I (an Elizabethan could not have been more or better connected than the Cobhams). edition, in English The several plays published by Thomas Pavier in 1619, many with errors of date or authorship (probably deliberate) on their title pages, indicate Pavier’s interest in compiling a collection of “Shakespeare” plays around this time. ), which is generally thought to have been one of Shakespeare's sources for his plays on Henry IV and Henry V. The genesis of Sir John Oldcastle is crucially linked to the fact that when Shakespeare's Henry IV plays premiered on stage in 1597–98, the character Sir John Falstaff was called Sir John Oldcastle. built between 1432 and 1446 by Sir John Fastolf, who (along with Sir John Oldcastle) was an inspiration for William Shakespeare's Falstaff. (died c1398/9), was the second son of "John Oldcastle of Almeley, Herefs. press-marks, C.34, 1.1., & C.34, 1.2) next issued in the third folio Shakespeare, 1664; also issued in the folio of 1684 The players were left to the mercies of the local officials of the City of London, who had long wanted to drive the companies of actors out of the City. The play was originally published anonymously in 1600 (Q1), printed by Valentine Simmes for the bookseller Thomas Pavier. Like other subjects of Elizabethan history plays, Sir John Oldcastle was an actual person, a soldier and Lollard dissenter who was hanged and burned for heresy and treason in 1417—thus earning himself a place in the seminal text of the Protestant Reformation in Tudor England, John Foxe's Book of Martyrs. He died in 1377, in Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, Wales, United Kingdom, at the age of 67. (An entry in Henslowe's Diary records a later payment to Drayton for a second part to the play, which has not survived; because of this fact, the extant play has sometimes been called Sir John Oldcastle, Part I or 1 Sir John Oldcastle.). Later Shakespeare's rivals, the Admiral's Men, commissioned a play that was to be 'a true and honourable history of Sir John Oldcastle ' as a counterblast to Shakespeare's treatment. Quarto with red goatskin binding. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The later scenes are devoted to Rochester's pursuit of Oldcastle and his wife, and their escapes; the play ends on a temporary positive note, with the Oldcastles evading imprisonment. This is indicated by abundant external and internal evidence. The villain of the piece is the Bishop of Rochester, aided by his summoner Clun. By his marriage in 1408 to Joan, heiress of John, 3rd Lord Cobham, Oldcastle entered nobility and in 1409 was summoned to the House of Lords as a baron. The 1619 quarto of Sir John Oldcastle Part 1 is the first to attribute the play to Shakespeare, some three years after his death. Sir John Oldcastle "written by William Shakespeare" date of earliest known editions (two in same year) 1600 (B.M. In 1601 a narrative poem, The Mirror of Martyrs, by one John Weever, was published; it praises Oldcastle as a "valiant captain and most godly martyr." Sir John Oldcastle is an Elizabethan play about John Oldcastle, a controversial 14th-/15th-century rebel and Lollard who was seen by some of Shakespeare's contemporaries as a proto-Protestant martyr. Many people will know of Sir John from the works of Shakespeare, who based Sir John Falstaff in King Henry IV upon him. Finally, there is the blatant disclaimer at the close of Henry IV, Part 2 that disassociates the two figures: "for Oldcastle died [a] martyr, and this is not the man" (Epilogue, 29–32). The name change and the Epilogue disclaimer were required, it is generally thought, because of political pressure: the historical Oldcastle was not only a Protestant martyr, but a nobleman with powerful living descendants in Elizabethan England. Sir John Oldcastle is an Elizabethan play about John Oldcastle, a controversial 14th-/15th-century rebel and Lollard who was seen by some of Shakespeare's contemporaries as a proto-Protestant martyr. The Sir John Oldcastle is a Wetherspoon pub in Farringdon, London. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Oldcastle is a religious but not a political dissenter; his quarrel is with the Roman Catholic Church, and he remains loyal to the Crown and to Henry V personally (II,iii). Born: c. 1378 Birthplace: Herefordshire, England Died: 14-Dec-1417 Location of death: London, England Cause of death: Execution. This did not last; when Cobham died less than a year later, the post of Lord Chamberlain went to Henry Carey's son George, second Lord Hunsdon, and the actors regained their previous patronage. ;SIR JOHN OLDCASTLE (d. 1417), English Lollard leader, was son of Sir Richard Oldcastle of Almeley in Herefordshire. When convicted, he escaped from the Tower of London and then led a rebellion against the King. Drayton, Michael, and Hathway, Richard, and Munday, Anthony, and Wilson, Robert. The first part of the true and honorable historie, of the life of Sir Iohn Old-castle, the good Lord Cobham. Oldcastle was a member of the expedition which the young Henry sent to France in 1411 in a successful campaign to assist the Burgundians in the Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War. Shakespeare’s Falstaff is considered to be more boisterous than Oldcastle had been in real life. Our pub offers a range of real ales, craft beers and freshly ground Lavazza coffee. 124). Fastolf, however, died without descendants, making him safe for a playwright's use. Sir John's date of birth is unknown, although dubious and possibly apocryphal sources place it variously at 1360 or 1378. Share. ⁠ Sir Iohn ⁠ Theres one they call him Sir Iohn Old-castle, He has not his name for naught: for like a castle Doth he encompasse them within his walls, But till that castle be subuerted quite, We ne're shall be at quiet in the realme. Free kindle book and epub digitized and proofread by Project Gutenberg. The Second Part of King Henry the Fourth containing his Death: and the Coronation of King Henry the Fift, Thomas of Woodstock/Richard the Second, Part One, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sir_John_Oldcastle&oldid=1016411048, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from June 2020, All articles needing additional references, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 7 April 2021, at 01:06. Address to Sir John Oldcastle. Named after The Sir John Oldcastle Tavern, which stood in the former grounds of Sir John’s nearby mansion, this was already long established by 1680. He had an outstanding military career, serving Henry V … Nationality: England Executive summary: Lollard rebel leader Since the life of Oldcastle has already been the subject of several extensive studies,3it is proposed to deal here comparatively briefly with his career, going into detail only where new material has come to light, or where Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Iambic pentameter verse lines in both parts are irregular when using the name "Falstaff", but correct with "Oldcastle". http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Oldcastle Sir John Oldcastle (died 14 December 1417) was an English Lollard leader. He is first mentioned as serving in the expedition to Scotland in 1400, when he was probably quite a young man. 1586? [2] The name Falstaff was derived from Sir John Fastolf, who was also a historical person—allegedly a greedy and grasping individual, who had a (probably undeserved) reputation for cowardice at the Battle of Patay in 1429. Open now : 08:00 AM - 11:30 PM. Firstly, there exist two different quartos of the play bearing the year 1600, one of which bears Shakespeare’s name as author. Within a month he escaped to find refuge with the Lollard bookseller William Fisher at Smithfield, where he conspired to kidnap the king at Kent while Lollards answered a summons to assemble at St. Giles’s Fields, near London, the night of Jan. 9, 1414. Sir John Oldcastle by William Shakespeare, Michael Drayton, 1911, [s.n.] Next year he was in charge of Builth castle in Brecon, and serving all Oldcastle is thought to have been the model for Shakespeare’s character ‘Falstaff’. Omissions? Gender: Male Race or Ethnicity: White Sexual orientation: Straight Occupation: Military. Sir John Oldcastle (1378?-1417) came from a knightly family and served as a “knight of the shire” representing Herefordshire in the parliament of 1404, and was later a justice of the peace and sheriff. The son of Sir Richard Oldcastle, he fought for England in the Scottish campaign of 1400 and during the Welsh wars gained the friendship of King Henry IV’s son Henry, prince of Wales. In the next few years Oldcastle held notable positions in the Welsh campaigns of King Henry IV of England against Owain Glyndŵr, including captaincy first over Buil… The first edition of Sir John Oldcastle Part 1 poses many difficulties. His father was The same cast of rebels and conspirators is active in this play (II,ii, III,ii, etc.) 172 reviews #192 of 1,859 Quick Bites in London £ Quick Bites Bar British. Breakfast is served until noon, with our full food menu available until 11pm. Sir John Oldcastle. In 1619, a new edition (Q2) carried an attribution to William Shakespeare. 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