Overall, this study suggests that higher levels of hope and optimism are associated with lower levels of suicidal ideation, thwarted belongingness, and perceived burdensomeness in this American Indian/Alaska Native sample. Agreeableness.

Psychosocial interventions often aim to alleviate negative emotional states. Results generally indicate that reappraisal (d=0.65) and distraction (d=0.46 for all studies; d=0.95 for studies with a negative or no affect induction) are the most effective regulation/repair strategies, producing the largest hedonic shift in affect. levels of effectiveness. In M. R. Leary & R. H. Hoyle (Eds.). experiments, we manipulated relationship stress by instructing half of, Objective: Interest in protective factors for adversity has burgeoned, but the set of examined protective factors remains limited and most studies have focused on a single or narrow set of adversities. (KB), Journal of Experimental Social Psychology.

Conscientiousness predicted verbal fluency for men. Personality and conflict. (2006). Eisenkraft, N., & Elfenbein, H. A. Einolf, C. (2013) Daily spiritual experiences and prosocial behavior. Kassinove, H., Roth, D. Owens, S. G., & Fuller, J. R. (2002).

These postures, in turn, are assumed to be constrained by a set of core values about the international community. The chapter describes a wide variety of instruments for assessing peacefulness in each of these domains; provides evidence on reliability, validity, and stability for many of these instruments; and offers critical evaluation of their usefulness for assessing peaceful personality. (2007). Internationalism as a predictor of cooperative behavior. Self-compassion and adaptive psychological functioning. Specifically, securely attached individuals showed significantly more hope, self-disclosure, and relationship satisfaction than individuals with fearful attachment styles. (43 ref.) Quantitative research was used where the data was analyzed descriptive and correlational statistics. Military training and personality development: Does the military make the man, or does the man make the military? Vengefulness: Relationships with forgiveness, rumination, well-being, and the Big Five. Resolving interpersonal conflicts: An analysis of stylistic consistency. This analysis of the dynamics of peaceful personality suggests a central role for interpersonal peacefulness as an important aspect of peaceful personality. They conducted factor analyses in several studies that suggested the various styles could be usefully classified as active/mitigating, passive/mitigating, active/intensifying, or passive/intensifying. The Role of Hope and Optimism in Suicide Risk for American Indians/Alaska Natives, Teaching Conflict Resolution with the Rainbow Kids Program. Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005). All rights reserved. The chapter focuses on measurement tools and research on peacefulness in three contextual domains: intrapersonal, interpersonal, and international. Once measures of individual characteristics have been validated within a relevant context, they become useful sources of information for selecting, placing, and promoting people into leadership positions. knowledge variables were authoritarianism and locus of control while appraisal variables were categorized as personal orientation (coping, communication, self-esteem) and relational orientation (perspective taking, empathy, prosocial behavior tendency). All of these variables, except internationalism–worldmindedness, positively correlated with militarism. In D. M. Pestonjee (Ed.). The major personality correlates of militarism were authoritarianism, dominance–power, ethnocentrism, masculinity, and punitiveness. Elliot, A. J., & Devine, P. G. (1994). My values theory concerns the basic values that people in all cultures are likely to recognize. Schoen, H. (2007). The principal sociopolitical correlates of militarism included conservatism, nationalism, religiosity, patriotism–blind patriotism, and internationalism–worldmindedness. To examine the effectiveness of various affect regulation strategies and categories of affect regulation strategies, a meta-analysis was conducted. Mayton, D. M., & Owens, R. W. (1995, August). (2007).

The second part of the chapter reports the results of a broad search of relevant literature conducted in order to identify core personality factors that correlate with attitudes and behaviors in at least two of the domains of …

on. Bonta, B. D. (1997). The field of emotion regulation has now come of age. Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B. Adams, C. E., Allen, A. The psychology of nonviolence and nonkilling: Theory, measurement, and correlates. Two correlational studies with American participants were consistent with this hypothesis. Path analyses showed that the effects of conservation values were predominantly mediated by right-wing authoritarianism and threat of terrorism, and the effects of self-enhancement and self-transcendence values were predominantly mediated by social dominance orientation and (lack of) concern for human costs. Dembroski, T. M., & Costa, P. T (1987). Interpersonal conflict, agreeableness, and personality development. The overall level of defense spending preferred by well-informed citizens is significantly lower than during the Cold War and significantly less related to ideology and isolationism. The Encyclopedia of Peace Psychology. © 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Styles of conflict resolution. (1955) The possibility of predicting reactions to international events. When the caretaker provides a secure base, affect regulation develops normally and the infant is soothed. Sandy, S. V., Boardman, S. K., & Deutsch, M. (2006). It identifies 10 motivationally distinct values and specifies the conflicts (e.g., benevolence vs. power) and compatibilities (e.g., conformity, security) among them. Martin, H. J., & Larsen, K. S. (1976). weather around them. Previous research has uncovered links between generalized distrust and preferences for competitive (vs. cooperative) action. We conducted two studies guided by self-determination theory to explore this question, using a paradigm that borrows from both ostracism research and Milgram's classic study of obedience. Kool, V. K., & Sen, M. (1984). Lutzker, D. R. (1960). Personality traits and foreign policy attitudes in German public opinion. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved), International Review of Administrative Sciences. Finally, results indicate that control conditions in affect regulation research may not provide a valid point for comparison, as they facilitate effective affect repair. Adolescents are often resistant to interventions that reduce aggression in children. If you do not receive an email within 10 minutes, your email address may not be registered, This ability is reflected in superior incidental learning and divided attention, without impaired performance on the target task. Evidence is presented that shows reciprocal causal influences between intrapersonal and interpersonal peacefulness. Instruction about international conflict issues alone did not improve checklist scores. Although psychologists have often recognized and measured individual differences in social dispositions ranging from aggressiveness to helpfulness, there have been relatively few efforts to define and measure a more general tendency for peacefulness. Militarism, personality, and other social attitudes. Supporting our guiding hypothesis that compliance with ostracizing others carries psychological costs, the results of Experiment 1 showed that such compliance worsened mood compared with complying with instructions to include others and with receiving no instructions involving inclusion or exclusion, an effect explained by thwarted psychological needs resulting from ostracizing others. Ziller, R. C., Moriarty, D. S., & Phillips, S. T. (1999). condition displayed higher trusting behavior in the trust game, and rated the trustworthiness of unknown (EJS), The literature supporting leadership as the most important factor related to organizational success or failure is burgeoning. Higgins, E. T. (1987). 192.245.157.90.

If these comparisons lead people to believe that they do not have what they deserve, they will be angry and resentful. stressor that could challenge their relationship). N = 111) and Christian ( It identifies 10 motivationally distinct values and specifies the conflicts (e.g., benevolence vs. power) and compatibilities (e.g., conformity, security) among them. On the social nature of personality: Effects of extraversion, agreeableness, and feedback about collective resource use on cooperation in a resource dilemma. The structure of values refers to these relations of conflict (opposition) and compatibility (congruence). The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. A new control systems model of political behavior is presented, subsuming the partial truths of cognition-driven and personality-driven explanations.

Effects of trait anger and anger expression style on competitive attack responses in a wartime prisoner’s dilemma game. For the rehabilitation purposes an integrated schema consisting of elements of CBT, Interpersonal psychotherapy, Gestalt therapy, psychodynamics was used.ResultsPositive dynamic in 15 cases were associated with improving skills of self regulation, activating of interpersonal interaction and with actual needs and individual purposes identifying.Conclusions This is the first study to investigate hope and optimism in relation to suicidal ideation, thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability for American Indians/Alaska Natives. The effectiveness of different categories of regulation/repair strategies depended on the valence of the preceding affect induction. This ability to hold multiple ideas or facets of a situation in mind, in turn, fosters a better ability to solve complex problems, both interpersonal and nonsocial. • In this chapter, I describe some of my efforts during the past 30 years to accomplish this "impossible" task. Recent work is showing that one reason this occurs is because positive affect facilitates cognitive flexibility characterized by openness to useful information (even if it is negative in tone), reduced "defensiveness," and the ability to see multiple sides of the situation and switch attention among them. Results revealed that participants in the relationship stress Self-regulation is the self 's capacity for altering its behaviors. Test-retest reliability and stability of item locations were both good. Whereas checklist scores, SAT scores, and class grades were interrelated, measures of problem-solving competency were significantly correlated neither with militaristic attitudes nor with gun control attitudes, Religious/Social Authoritarianism, or Social Dominance Orientation. Toward a theory and measure of the nature of nonprejudice.

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